Essay about Fahrenheit 451 - 903 Words

Fahrenheit 451 â€Å"Where they have burned books, they will end in burning human beings† is a famous quote said by Heinrich Heine, which relates to the concept of book burning, seen in the novel Fahrenheit 451. Ray Bradbury uses his unique literary style to write the novel Fahrenheit 451; where he brings his readers to a future American Society which consists of censorship, book burning, and completely oblivious families. The novel’s protagonist, Guy Montag, is one of the many firemen who takes pride in starting fires rather than putting them out, until he encounters a seventeen-year-old girl named Clarisse McClellan. As the novel progresses, the reader is able to notice what Clarisse’s values are in the novel, how her innocence and†¦show more content†¦She refuses the entertainment that society offers, such as watching television. Instead, she prefers to wonder, sit, and talk about things, most particularly with Montag. Furthermore, she is not intimida ted by the government like the rest of society. All of this enlightens Montag to reveal all the goodness that is being hidden in this blind society. Clarisse never tells Montag what to think; she just shows him that thinking is an option. She simply asks Montag questions such as â€Å"How long’ve you worked at being a fireman?† (8) and â€Å"How did you get into it?† (22) Such questions awaken him to realize why he really â€Å"enjoys† doing what he does, to a point where he realizes he really does not admire starting fires, and burning books. Montag grows extremely dissatisfied with his life and work as he talks more with Clarisse. She instigates him to wonder if perhaps books are not so bad, and so he even steals one from a book burning. In Fahrenheit 451, it states, â€Å"So it was the hand that started it all . . . His hands had been infected, and soon it would be his arms . . . His hands were ravenous.† (41) The reader is able to see here that Montag is becoming more and more influenced by Clarisse. The more time he spends with her, the more he begins to contemplate. This phrase clearly shows how Montag is being â€Å"infected†, but in a positive way. His thoughts are taking control over him all because of his conversations with Clarisse. She invites him toShow MoreRelatedFahrenheit 4511365 Words   |  6 PagesBradbury s novel, Fahrenheit 451, was written at the onset of the fifties as a call to the American people to reflect on how the dominant social values of their times were effecting both the lives of individual Americans and their government. Fahrenheit 451 attacks utopian government and focuses on society s foolishness of always being politically correct. (Mogen 113). According to Mogen, Fahrenheit 451 depicts a world in which the American Dream has turned into a nightmare because it has beenRead MoreFahrenheit 451704 Words   |  3 PagesSTUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS FOR FAHRENHEIT 451 As you read each secti on of the novel, answer briefly the following questions. Part I: The Hearth and the Salamander (pages 1-65) 1. What do the firemen do for a living? In our world, firemen fight fires. In â€Å"Fahrenheit 451, â€Å"the firemen burns books. They do this to fight ideas and to keep their society safe from disruptive influences. 2. What is never washed off completely? In Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, Montag says that â€Å"you never wash it off completelyRead MoreFahrenheit 4511345 Words   |  6 PagesBethany Edwards Censorship or Knowledge Ray Bradbury’s novel, Fahrenheit 451 is a good example of censorship and restriction and the results of what can happen because of this. Ray Bradbury predicts in his novel that the future is without literature -- everything from newspapers to novels to the Bible. This novel is about a world that is so structured and censored that even a common fireman exist not to fight fires, for all buildings are fireproof, but instead to burn books. Books are made toRead MoreFahrenheit 4511651 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican Dream. We are told that these achievements can be done by adapting to America’s ideals and cultural norms. The ‘American Dream’ is attainable for those who fall in step with the majority. This conformity is illustrated in Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451. In the novel, Guy Montag becomes disillusioned with the illiterate ignorance of his society. Through a series of tragic events, Montag finds the vapid world must be changed. This change will be the only way to attain true knowledge, thus freedomRead MoreFahrenheit 4511858 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿Jhoan Aguilar Mrs. Armistead English III H (4) October 24, 2013 The Exhort of Fahrenheit 451 Ray Bradbury created the novel Fahrenheit 451 as a way to admonish future generations against social and economic trends that would emerge during the twentieth century. I. Introduction II. Reasons behind novel A. World events B. Personal events III. Economic trends of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries A. The economics of consumerism B. Economic effects on society IV. Social trendsRead More1984 And Fahrenheit 4511505 Words   |  7 PagesOrwell, and Fahrenheit 451, by Ray Bradbury, the concepts of totalitarianism and censorship are addressed in various ways. Both texts are of dystopian fiction, set in post-nuclear war nations, although they are somewhat of a different nature. The concepts of totalitarianism and censorship are explored throughout the texts by addressing the issue of ‘knowledge is power’, the use and abuse of technology and the desensitising of society. Although these are mentioned in both 1984 and Fahrenheit 451, they areRead MoreEssay On Fahrenheit 451833 Words   |  4 PagesWhy shouldn’t Fahrenheit 451 be banned? Ban books or burn them? Ray Bradbury wrote his famous novel Fahrenheit 451 in 1953 fantasizing about a world in which books were banned, and when a book was found it was burnt and destroyed. Little did he know that his thought of books being banned could actually happen and that it would be one of his own. Today Fahrenheit 451 is being banned and challenged in schools all across America. How ironic that a book about books being banned is now being banned aroundRead MoreFahrenheit 451 - Symbolism1432 Words   |  6 PagesSymbolism in Fahrenheit 451 Ray Bradbury, perhaps one of the best-known science fiction, wrote the amazing novel Fahrenheit 451. The novel is about Guy Montag, a ‘fireman who produces fires instead of eliminating them in order to burn books (Watt 2). One night while he is walking home from work he meets a young girl who stirs up his thoughts and curiosities like no one has before. She tells him of a world where fireman put out fires instead of starting them and where people read books and thinkRead More`` Fahrenheit 451 And The Sniper ``1643 Words   |  7 Pagesabilities. It can be difficult to determine what elements make up a hero. However, by examining heroes in different stories, the elements of what makes a hero can become clearer. Classic heroes in The Odyssey can be examined, along with the heroes in Fahrenheit 451 and The Sniper. By taking apart the characteristics and traits of these heroes, a deeper understanding of a hero can be found. Rather than by a character s physical abilities, a hero c an be defined by their displays of courage, determinationRead MoreFahrenheit 451 Essay1076 Words   |  5 PagesAs renowned author Ernest Hemingway said, â€Å"There is no friend as loyal as a book†. This can be true at times, but in Ray Bradbury’s novel Fahrenheit 451, many people in the novel’s dystopian society think otherwise. In this essay I’ll be discussing the 5 books I’d save from the firemen if I was Guy Montag in Fahrenheit 451, and which of the 5 I’d choose to remember and â€Å"become†. The books I’d save would be Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird, Markus Zusak’s The Book Thief, Jandy Nelson’s I’ll Give

Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury - 655 Words

At the beginning of the book, Montag makes a friendship with his seventeen year old neighbor, Clarisse. Soon, he realizes he is unhappy and no longer loves her. He also begins to question the ways of the world. For example, he wonders why books are aware to be so dangerous and why some people are so loyal to them. Montag lost his mind, job, and family. He also finds himself running away from everything he knows. Even when Montag meets Clarisse, Montag wasn’t a normal guy. Through most of the book Montag lacks knowledge and believes what he hear. Montag killed Beatty because he was going to be arrested for having books. Montag was through with Beatty is pushing him around all of the time and forcing him to burn down his own house. Beatty was killed because he was making fun of Montag and trying to get Montag angry at Beatty was going to have Faber killed. †Thinking back later he could never decide whether the hands or Beatty’s reaction to the hands gave him the fin al push toward murder. (pg.119) Captain Beatty is really lost it in the head. It is as if he wants Montag to do something to kill him. Beatty was Captain over everyone and he thought he was always right. He’s the head honcho fireman, but he knows more about books than anyone else. â€Å"Now, Montag you’re a burden and fire will life you off my shoulders clean, quick and sure. (pg.129) Montag kills Beatty with the fire thrower that has burned thousands of book and hopes. I cited this information from GoogleShow MoreRelatedFahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury719 Words   |  3 PagesThe flash point of paper, or the temperature at which paper will burst in flames, is 451 degrees Fahrenheit. In Fahrenheit 451, written by Ray Bradbury, the main character, Guy Montag, is a â€Å"fireman† in a futuristic society where he and his coworkers start fires, rather than put them out. Books are banned and burned, along with the owner of the book’s house and sometimes even the owner of the book, upon discovery. Technology has taken over in a sense that social interaction between the average personRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1952 Words   |  8 Pagesis clearly displayed in the plight of Ray Bradbury’s novel about a dystopian American society, Fahrenheit 451, which contains many ideas and bits of content that some people believed should be censored. In fact, one of the reasons that this novel was censored for displaying the dangers of censorship, which is both extremely ironic, and telling as to where this society is going. Thanks to several distributors and oversensitive parents and teachers, Fahrenheit 451 has been banned in many schools overRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury954 Words   |  4 Pages In Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, the author uses allegory (often misinterpreted by readers) to show the dangers of mass media consumption and the decline of reading traditional media. Many readers draw incorrect conclusions (le ssons learned) from the book due to how generally the book applies its theme. Government censorship, though an important topic, is not the intended focus of the novel Fahrenheit 451. Finally, Bradbury’s original message of the book shows the beauty of traditional media andRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1592 Words   |  7 PagesWhen writing the introduction to Fahrenheit 451, author Neil Gaiman stated that â€Å"ideas--written ideas--are special. They are the way we transmit our stories and our thoughts from one generation to the next. If we lose them, we lose our shared history†. Gaiman is absolutely correct; especially because what he is saying heavily applies to books. Books are a critical aspect in shaping humanity as a whole, they create and share a network of creative ideas, history, and overall entertainment; to loseRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury918 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Fahrenheit 451,† written by Ray Bradbury, is a futuristic, dy stopian novel based upon a society secluded by technology and ignorance. In this future society, books are outlawed and firemen are presented with the task of burning books that are found in people’s homes. Montag, a fireman, finds himself intrigued with the books, and begins to take them home and read them. As the story progresses, Montag learns the truth behind why books are outlawed and flees his city to join the last remnants of age-oldRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury847 Words   |  4 PagesSet Knowledge On Fire The book Fahrenheit 451 is a postmodern work by Ray Bradbury first published in 1951. In Bradbury’s story, all books are illegal and are subject to be burned by firemen. Furthermore, the two predominant themes of Fahrenheit 451 are censorship and ignorance. The censorship implemented over the years removes all information from society that is necessary to learn, which accomplishes to prevent people from questioning anything. The ignorance of society has been fostered and theRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1661 Words   |  7 Pages1.) In the novel, Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, Montag’s view on life reverses. Two characters the influence the main character Guy Montag are the old lady whose house and books were burnt down and Mildred. The old lady was caught preserving books in her home. Firemen including Montag were ordered to burn the books. The old lady refused to leave her books, so she too was burned. She bravely gave an allusion as her last words, â€Å"Play the man,’ she said, ‘Master Ridley.’ Something, somethingRead MoreFahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury818 Words   |  4 PagesFAHRENHEIT 451 BY RAY BRADBURY Important People in Montag’s Life In Partical Fulfillment Of English 2 Ms Irina Abramov By Helen Hernandez November 9, 2012 â€Å"There are worse crimes than burning books. One of them is not reading them† -Ray Bradbury. In the past there were events that affected book writers. People will get together to burn books because they thought it was inappropriate or they were against their literature. Montag is a fireman in a futuristic society who would startRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury863 Words   |  4 PagesThe novel, Fahrenheit 451 was written by Ray Bradbury and it took place in the dystopian future. Throughout each novel, we are able to see a major theme, which is censorship. In this essay, I will explain how this theme are explored in the story by using the literary devices. To begin with, in this novel, censorship is not given a straight description, but we can see how the author shows it through many literary elements, such as using the setting, tone and symbolisms even foreshadowing. This novelRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1544 Words   |  7 PagesRay Bradbury, the author of Fahrenheit 451, expresses his perspective on life in an interview. His interview contains a common theme: Do what you love, and love what you do (Bradbury). Bradbury sends a message in his interview that people should love life, and live to the fullest because he believes life is a beautiful thing. Although Bradbury no longer can demonstrate his love for life his message still lives in the pages of Fahrenheit 451. The Government of the society in the novel has told their

Vision’s of Light Free Essays

Applying â€Å"Visions of Light: The Art of Cinematography† After watching the film, â€Å"Visions of Light: The Art of Cinematography,† I was introduced to the beauty of capturing perfected lighting, highlighting, and shadowing. Before watching this documentary, I never truly focused on how a scene was portrayed and why it made me feel how I did. After careful consideration, I have decided to apply my new knowledge to why I feel, â€Å"A Little Princess† has been perfected by cinematographer, Emmanuel Lubezki. We will write a custom essay sample on Vision’s of Light or any similar topic only for you Order Now Furthermore, why I am pleased to know that â€Å"A Little Princess,† was nominated Academy Award for Best Cinematography back in 1996. During the film, â€Å"Visions of Light,† I learned about the importance of how lighting an individual or a certain part of a room can speak for itself. One fact that I found was interesting, was one character in a scene will have more light on them than any others in the room to show the importance of that character in that moment. Another interesting fact I learned was on female actresses, they used flashing to make the image look soft and beautiful. In â€Å"A Little Princess,† Emmanuel Lubezki used flashing during filming. My favorite scenes are of India with the contrast between the richness of whites, oranges, and bright yellows. The cinematography is so soft and beautiful, it can easily consume one. Another scene that takes my breath away, is when Sara wakes up one morning to the light shining into her glass windows. As she gets out of bed, her windows fly open with little snow flakes floating in the air. The light captures it so well, you can see each speck of glittering snow. The rest of the room is dark, while the light strictly focuses on her while she twirls in the snow. It truly is alluring. On the contrary, shadowing and darkening also can speak for itself. â€Å"Visions of Light,† referenced darkening scenes to give off sadness, lonesome, anxious, and horror. It builds up suspense and thrill. This aspect of â€Å"lighting† is applied to â€Å"A Little Princess,† as well. There is such a dullness to New York in the movie. It has colors of green, black and white. Each scene is gloomy and sad. The scene where Sara Crew’s father has recently been presumed dead, she is walking up to the attic where she will be living with absolute nothing. During her walk, the long hall behind her is dark with only a few candles lit. As Sara proceeds to walk to her bed, the room is shadowed and darkened, giving the watchers a sense of sadness and loneliness. The way this movies heightens and diminishes colors is quite symbolic. The cinematography captures the beauty in the movie so well, it almost creates the story on it’s own. Being more advanced in knowledge, I cannot wait to start comparing differences between movies and how each cinematographer displays their own piece of art. How to cite Vision’s of Light, Essay examples

Abigail Adams free essay sample

Abigail Adams helps give modern people an insight into the life of a remarkable colonial correspondent. She understood important issues that tore the new nation apart. Abigail showed her affection for her country and her husband by documenting her life for all to read. Without her letters, America would not be as well informed about the Revolutionary War and the second President as it is today. Abigail Adams was born in the small town of Wentworth, Massachusetts on November 1 1, 1774. Her father, William Smith, was a wealthy clergyman who married Elizabeth Quince Smith.Together they had Mary, Abigail, Elizabeth and William. Abigail often spent long hours at her Grandmother Quinces home learning how to cook and sew. Grandmother Quince was witty and sharp and taught Abigail to think for herself. As a young child Abigail was often sick and couldnt attend school. When she was home sick her father gave her full access to the family library and gave her numerous books to read. One of Abigail favorite pieces of literature was Shakespearean Macbeth, which she read many times. Her dark brown hair and fair creamy face could most often be found in the library Enid a book.When Abigail came off marrying age, many men came to call, but none caught her eye until John Adams. John treated her like an equal and delighted when she shared her opinions. Abigail and John could discuss the political happenings and controversies of the time as equals. They married on October 25, 1764. Abigail and John moved to Brainteaser, Massachusetts where they had Nabob, Charles, Thomas, John Quince and Susann. When John left for Boston to be a layover, Abigail was left to take care of the children and the farm for ten years. John once wrote, Sometimes ear the farm is in better hands with me gone. With John gone, the educating and raising of four children was given to Abigail. She had no formal education for herself, yet she taught her children. Abigail words of self- educating her children are, l have always found it very important that children should in the early part of life be unaccustomed to such examples as would tend to corrupt the purity of their words and actions. Abigail taught them at home so Nabob could learn along with her brothers because, at this time, girls were not required to go to school. Abigail learned Latin and French o teach to John Quince. These languages would help in his future roles of ambassador to Russia and president of the United States. Around this time signs of a Revolutionary War were ever)Where. The First Continental Congress started meeting in August of 1774. John was again reluctantly torn away from Abigail and his children. It adopted a Declaration of Rights and Grievances. When the Second Continental Congress convened they created the Continental Army because of their distrust toward England. They also sent the peaceful Olive Branch petition to King George Ill, who angrily refused t. The petition stated the colonies hope for a peaceful secession from Britain. Another official document created by the Continental Congress was the Declaration of Independence. The most popular religions of the time included Deism, Unitarianism, Congregationalism, and Moravian. The Deists believed that God created the world and then abandoned it Unitarians denied the Trinity and didnt believe thesaurus was Gods son, but that He gave His powers to Jesus temporarily. Congregationalists believed that God loved them and wanted to interact with them but couldnt.The Moravian name from Germany to be missionaries to Indians, slaves, and immigrants. They thought God wanted their religion to be worldwide. One of the most famous artists of the time was John Singleton Copley. He was said to be, The greatest painter to ever work in colonial America. Gilbert Stewart was another famous painter of the time. He painted the portrait of George Washington that is currently on the dollar bill. The most famous book read by all Americans at this time was the Bible. There were many things that led to the Revolutionary War.The Townsend Act taxed items such as glass, paper, lead, and tea. The Stamp Act required people to purchase stamps to put on certain legal documents. It taxed things like newspapers, calendars, playing cards, and all other legal documents. The Intolerable Act closed the port of Boston until the tea destroyed in the Boston Tea Party was paid for. The Boston Massacre was the first incident of Americans revolting that resulted in death. A mob of men gathered to throw snowballs and rocks at the British soldiers around Boston. The soldiers shot into the mob, killing five and injuring six.The Boston Tea Party is another good example of America evolving. When taxed British tea came into port in Boston, the Bostonians refused to let it be unloaded. Later that night a group of fifty to sixty men dressed as Indians illegally dropped all of the tea into the harbor. Every colony longed for independence from Britain. American sailors were being impressed, which means men were being illegally taken off of ships and forced to work on British ships. This violated the equal rights at sea and infuriated Americans. Slavery was also an issue that would arise and tear the nation in two.Abigail once wrote to John about slavery, wish most insincerely that there was not a slave in the province. It has always appeared a most iniquitous scheme to me fight ourselves for what we are daily robbing from those who have as good a right to freedom as we have. Some people believe Abigail to be the first feminist-Her view on womens rights was this, If we mean to have heroes, statesmen, and philosophers, we should have learned women. Abigail had incredible insight on issues that would soon tear the nation apart.She even wrote to him when he was with the Continental Congress saying, I long to hear that you have declared independence. And, by the way, in the new code of laws which I suppose it will be necessary for you to make I desire you to remember the ladies and be more generous and favorable to them than your ancestors. As Often as she could Abigail wrote to John. Normally she wrote to him three times a day, describing even the smallest things, just to include him in her life. Through her diligence to include him, she even wrote to him during her labor so he could feel present.Some people thought Abigail had too strong a hold on the president. Was it a hold or was it true love? While home on the farm, Abigail had many tasks to take care of even as a war raged on in her own backyard. She was an eyewitness along with John Quince of the Battle at Bunker Hill. When minutemen started resting at her house, she overheard one of them complain about a shortage of bullets for the muskets. Abigail then took her pewter spoons and melted them down to mold into bullets. John Quince called it Bullet Soup. This is just one of the many things that Abigail sacrificed for her country.As the first lady, Abigail only lived in the White House for four months. The Adams was the first to occupy the Executive Mansion, as it was then called. When Abigail and John moved in, only six rooms were habitable. The East Room had no windows and Abigail saw it as the perfect place to hang the wash. Even in these terrible living conditions, Abigail was the perfect hostess for events at the White House. Home to Abigail would always be Brainteaser, Massachusetts where she and John retired for seventeen years after his presidency. Both John and Abigail were Unitarians and Abigail often said, True religion is from the heart, not from a persons good deeds. Abigail Adams always wanted what was best for her country and family. She often sacrificed having her husband with her so he could attend to political matters. Her sacrifices led to a new country. On October 25th , 1 818, Abigail came down with a bad case of typhoid fever, a virus she often had as a child. John said about her state, cannot bear to see her struggle like this. On October 28th , 1818 ,Abigail died. We shall meet again and know each other in our future state, said John as his final goodbye.

Murakami’s Norwegian Woods Essay Example

Murakami’s Norwegian Woods Essay Set in Tokyo in 1960s, Norwegian Wood explores the life of Toru Watanabe, an introverted and distressed young college student, as he struggles to find himself, to recuperate from the suicide of his best friend, and to choose between the two women he loves, Naoko and Midori. While it would seem logically therapeutic for Toru and Naoko to turn to each other for comfort in the face of such tragedy, Naoko is overwhelmed with her life’s pressures and lingering grief for Kizuki and therefore rejects Toru’s affection in favor of the solitude she finds within her own shrinking and isolated world. Also grieving for Kizuki while growing ever lonelier and more conflicted about his own identity, a rejected Toru reluctantly reaches out to Midori, an outspoken and sexually confident girl who is everything that Naoko cannot be. The sexual freedom of the 1960s underlies Toru’s struggle toward adulthood, and the numerous popular cultural inclusions in this novel produce a story m uch less exclusively Japanese and much more globally pertinent as a coming-of-age story which happens to feature Japanese characters. But more than just a coming-of-age story, Norwegian Woods also depicts a cultural phenomenon that is rising in Japan: suicide. As J. Sean Curtin points out, in an article entitled â€Å"Japan: Suicide also Rises in Land of Rising Sun,† appearing in Asia Times On-Line (28 July 2004 issue), the dreadful fact that â€Å"in todays Japan one is roughly five times as likely too die by ones own hand as to be killed in a traffic accident,† a social occurrence which he attributes to cultural factors: â€Å"lack of religious prohibition against suicide, reluctance to discuss mental health and stress-related problems, a literary tradition that romanticizes suicide, a view of suicide as an honorable act, a way of taking responsibility for failure †¦ the breakdown of the family and social networks and the increasing isolation of individuals.† This paper aims to exemplify this social incident using Murakami’s Norwegian Woods by examining in histo-cultural perspecti ve how Kizuki`s suicide is important for both Toru and Naoko and how it affects the lives of these two young individuals. We will write a custom essay sample on Murakami’s Norwegian Woods specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Murakami’s Norwegian Woods specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Murakami’s Norwegian Woods specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Norwegian Woods The plot of Norwegian Wood revolves upon two suicides. Its two major characters — the first-person narrator, Toru Watanabe, and a young woman named Naoko — are haunted by the memory of their friend, Kizuki. Kizuki had been an energetic and jovial boy in high school. He was Naokos first lover and Torus closest friend. But he had shocked them and his other intimates by gassing himself in his parents garage one evening. For Toru and Naoko, it is an incomprehensible but irrefutable and equally an agonizing fact that their best friend, leaving â€Å"no suicide note,† and with â€Å"no motive that anyone could think of,† had simply and suddenly decided to disappear from their lives by taking his own. The impacts of Kizukis death continue to spiral out and multiply in the story, affecting both of them intensely, marking their university days with difficult questions about mortality, youth, and love. The renewal of their friendship, however, does not help them to move forward. After a long separation following Kizukis death, Naoko and Toru meet again several years later. They feel connected by their mutual grief at Kizukis suicide and by their helplessness to recover from it. They become lovers in all respect but the actual physical act. However, Naokos mental health increasingly deteriorates, an event which Toru relates with her pain and sadness at Kizukis death, she enters a convalescent facility and then a hospital for the psychiatrically disturbed before finally killing herself, too. Although Toru struggles on in the rest of the story, one can sense that Kizukis suicide has proved somehow fatal for Toru as well. He confesses that when â€Å"it took the 17-year old Kizuki that night in May, death took me as well.In the midst of life, everything revolved around death† (Murakami 30). Suicides and Norwegian Woods Taking a quick glimpse at modern Japanese literature, a western reader may be struck by what might seem a curious obsession with death. Death, of course, takes many forms – natural death, death due to illnesses or old age and also â€Å"unnatural death† as caused by accident, murder or suicide. What is the implication of death and especially of suicide in Japanese society? Takao Tsuchiya in his article â€Å"Write in, Rub Out† says that â€Å"suicide is a special privilege of mankind. Other people have said suicide is the ultimate human freedom. But this right, this freedom, exerts tremendous effects on the people associated with the suicide.† And certainly, we have seen how Kizukis suicide wreaked incalculable devastation on the two people closest to him: on Naoko and Toru. The importance of suicide for the Japanese is not limited to their illusory interpretations of the world, but it occupies what some western people might regard as a lopsided prominence in real-life conditions in Japan. It connotes different meanings for the Japanese. For instance, it is believe to be a means of escaping from a condition perceived as intolerable. One instance of these situations is when Japanese junior high and high school students undergo the period of intensive testing known as â€Å"examination hell,† quite a number of these young students disgracefully find the stress and pressure of the situation so overpowering that they not only choose to be out of the system but out of life itself. Would this school pressures can be attributed to Kizukis suicide in Norwegian Wood? Murakami has given little or no hint at all apart from the fact that Kizuki commits suicide when he is seventeen, and thus is in his third year of high school, when he would be expected to undergo intensive testing to enter a good university, (just as a third-year undergraduate in a Japanese middle school must endeavor to pass stringent exams to enter a good high school). Another instance is the fame of so-called â€Å"love suicides† in Japan. It can also be seen to fall into the category of types of self-destruction which can be ascribed to the nations cultural mores. To elucidate, Masaki Kato in â€Å"Self-Destruction in Japan: A Cross-cultural Epidemiological Analysis of Suicide† includes findings that indicate that the phenomenon of â€Å"double suicide for love in Japan† is based on the nations â€Å"religious belief in the future life, on the low value placed on individual life from the bushido way of thinking, and on rigidly prizing womens chastity.† With social and familial pressure remaining a potent force in a country which, possibly, does not accord sufficient respect to the notion of individual liberty or right to personal privacy, in the face of familial or social opposition to their prospective marriages, some couples choose to express — ironically? — their undying love for each other in carefull y-orchestrated joint suicides. Just like in the Norwegian Woods, Naoko’s love for Kizuki plunges her into the notion that only by killing herself just like Kizuki will she attain freedom from the sufferings that Kizuki’s death has brought upon her and Toru. It might be seen as well as a means by which Naoko expresses her love for Kizuki. Suicide in Japan is also sometimes understood as an honorable means of accepting blame or of shouldering responsibility. It can also be regarded as a way of â€Å"solving† health and financial problems like in cases of â€Å"family suicides.† Failed businessmen or the parents of chronically or terminally ill children sometimes choose â€Å"family suicide† as a means of â€Å"ending† their problems. Suicide is seen, too, as a means of unambiguously or unmistakably making a statement or bearing witness for an ideal in Japan. It is particularly valued in this sense in a society whose language and customs discourage direct affirmations of beliefs. Conclusion Just as Norwegian Wood is a nostalgic novel that illustrates the aftermath of suicide, mental illness, and death, it is also a sharply scrutinized and often comical commentary on Japanese society and university life during a time of widespread student activism and protest. Most of all, it is a bittersweet meditation on friendship, memory, and the elusive, shifting nature of love. The topic of death resonates throughout the story as we have encountered two suicides – the death of Kizuki and eventually of Naoko. Historically and culturally, we have noted that there are religious and cultural reasons for the frequency of acts of self destruction, where suicide can present itself as the last resort for children who are bullied or who are undergoing the stress of exam hell, for disgraced politicians and businessmen unable to bear financial or social ruin, and for star-crossed lovers. It is perceived as a regrettable but culturally-sanctioned means of escaping the unbearable, of exp iating sin, of signifying remorse, of admitting culpable responsibility and, far less commonly in recent years, of signaling allegiance to country and emperor. In Norwegian Woods, Murakami, in two instances as discussed, was able to masterfully capture this social phenomenon that plagues Japanese society.

Melting Point Vs. Freezing Point

Melting Point Vs. Freezing Point You may think the melting point and freezing point of a substance occur at the same temperature. Sometimes they do, but sometimes they dont. The melting point of a solid is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid phase and the  solid phase are equal and at equilibrium. If you increase the temperature, the solid will melt. If you decrease the temperature of a liquid past the same temperature, it may or may not freeze! This is supercooling and it occurs with many substances, including water. Unless there is a nucleus for crystallization, you can cool water well below its melting point and it wont turn to ice (freeze). You can demonstrate this effect by cooling very pure water in a freezer in a smooth container to as low as −42 degrees Celcius. Then if you disturb the water (shake it, pour it, or touch it), it will turn to ice as you watch. The freezing point of water and other liquids may be the same temperature as the melting point. It wont be higher, but it could easily be lower.

Effective Leadership Within An Organisational Context Essay

Effective Leadership Within An Organisational Context - Essay Example So, what is effective leadership? Before defining effective leadership, it is important to define leadership. According to Northouse (2010, p 9), leadership is defined as a process through which a person mobilize resources both material and human and influences group of people to achieve set of common goals. Effective leadership has diverse definitions that depend mostly on the context on which leadership is defined and point of view of the person defining it. Leadership effectiveness definition is highly multifaceted and complex. The following are the famous definitions of effective leadership. One, Nahavandi (2006, p 12) defines effective leadership as a process through which leadership achieves the organizations’ goals and objectives; leadership is based on the performance of the group. Two, Marturano and GOSLKING (2008, p 9) define effective leadership as the ability of leadership to help people in an organization to have more collaboration, innovation and communication. Three, effective leadership is the ability to enable other people within organization enhance their personal capabilities in order to fulfil their own ambitions and potentials and that of the group or organization as well (Vries 2006, p. 12- 13). In comparison, the three definitions indicate that effective lea dership aims at achieving certain goals after a given period of time. Secondly, all the definitions show that effective le

International Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

International Human Resource Management - Essay Example It has about 337 stores in 41 territories including in the UK and overseas and employs over 78,000 people worldwide (M&S, 2012). The company which was established as a partnership firm by Michael Marks and Thomas Spencer, in the year 1894, went on to become a public company by 1926 and ventured into international markets during early 1970s. The company first set shop in France during 1975 with the opening of its stores in Paris. However, although the venture proved to be significantly profitable in France, the rest of the company's operations in the rest of Western Europe failed to garner profitable returns. This fuelled the closure of its stores in France in March 2001, amidst wide scale protests against the corporate decision (BBC, 2001a). 2. Introduction The unprecedented success garnered by retail chains across the world in terms of profitability, particularly posts the globalization phenomenon has been very well documented in academic literature and scholarly researches alike. A lthough there is a certain degree of validity and authenticity to the hypothesis, that internalization of retail stores is bound to result in immense popularity and profitability; the recent cases of closures of huge multinational giants, such as the withdrawal of the clothing chain C&A from the UK markets in the year 2000 (BBC, 2000b); the closure of UK based retail giants Tesco and Boots and the France based Carrefour from the Japanese markets, as recent as 2011 (The Guardian, 2011), indicates otherwise. This study on the closure of Marks & Spencer stores in France, aims to highlight the various core issues related to the operations, functioning and performance of international retail stores overseas, and assess the manner in which M&S approached the closure of its stores in the country. 2.1. Organizational context of IHRM The business of retailing entails operating of firms in a global context and at the same time adjusting and adapting to the local needs. Over the years, various global retailers have invested in international ventures with varying degrees of outcomes in terms of profitability and success. As more and more companies join the quest of aggressively pursuing international expansion as a part of their core strategies, it is all the more vital for them to take into consideration various factors which may play a key role in shaping their success in the process (Kraft and Mantrala, 2010). This in turn requires IHRM to be organized and efficient in its functioning. The organizational structure is dependent on the HR strategies developed by the management which is often embedded as the company's corporate strategy and can be based on its international division structure (i.e. production, marketing, finance, personnel etc., see Figure 1 Appendix 1); or the Functional structure (See figure 2 Appendix 2); or the geographic location structure (see Figure 3, Appendix 1) or the product structure (See Figure 4, Appendix 1) (Aswathappa and Dash, 2007). 2.2. Cross border alliances: The new wave of globalization has brought along with a trend of accelerated investment in cross border alliances in varied forms ranging from conventional approaches such as international exports and foreign direct investments (FDI) to relatively more contemporary methods such as cross border acquisitions, mergers, and franchisee agreements (OECD, 2001; Markusen, 2002; Neary, 2004). The choice of entry strategy into foreign markets depends

The Strategic Implication of E Commerce for the Design and Essay

The Strategic Implication of E Commerce for the Design and Construction Industry Article Analysis - Essay Example The main research question which is being asked by the authors of the article by Johnson and his colleagues is if the AEC industry can benefit itself and integrate e-commerce platforms into the business plans and strategic objectives of the enterprise. If the construction industry and its participants can achieve greater integration of e-commerce it is able to raise overall profits in the industry by streamlining activities that used to take greater efforts which led to unnecessary expenses now become automated activities that provide added value services to the customers. The power of the e-commerce solution is based on the achieved growth in the utilization of the platform after the turn of the century. In 2001 e-commerce in the United States generated $7931 million in revenues (Plunkett Research, 2007). Six years later in the 1st quarter in 2007 the sales volume had grown to $27,092, an overall increase of 242% over a six-year span or an average yearly growth of 40% (Plunkett Rese arch, 2007). These figures clearly illustrate evidence of the worldwide tendency to increase e-commerce dependence by all companies around the globe. The article effectively described the industry in order to evaluate possibilities that are going to integrate e-commerce solutions to increase efficiency in the AEC industry. Various case studies of different participants of the  value-added supply chain that allowed the players in the industry to obtain efficiencies associated with economies of scope, integration of resources, technological advances, information technology and other competitive advantages. The literature provided a very clear and descriptive analysis of the construction industry. The construction industry is a mature fragmented industry which is closely held with less than 25 public trading companies and plenty of small and medium closed held private enterprises.  Ã‚  

Examining The Understanding Social Disorganization Theory Criminology Essay

Examining The Understanding Social Disorganization Theory Criminology Essay Social Disorganization means the disruption or breakdown of the structure of social relations and values resulting in the loss of social controls over individual and group behavior, the development of social isolation and conflict, and a sense of estrangement or alienation from the mainstream of ones culture; the  condition or state of anomie (dictionary). Social Disorganization Theory is a theory that is less than one hundred years old. The founders of this theory are Shaw and McKay. Social disorganization theory was developed in the early 1900s in Chicago, Illinois, based upon the fact that the founders of this theory had been researching juvenile court records for more than one decade (Pratt, Gau, and Franklin 43). The theory suggested that there were high rates of crime in certain neighborhoods; particularly rather poor neighborhoods. Once Shaw and Kay discovered these findings, they figured that crime was no longer based on the individual alone, but more so the structure of th e neighborhood and what the neighborhood consisted of socially; neighbors level of interaction with one another, along with their ability to regulate the youth of their community (Pratt, Gau, and Franklin 44). There are several factors that can help determine social disorganization within a community. A few of these factors include: low socioeconomic status, high rates of residential mobility, increased diversity within the community and single-parent households (Pratt et al. 44, Barton et al. 247, and Kingston et al. 54). However, one of the main factors frequently used to determine social disorganization is residential mobility. Residential mobility is the frequent Childress 2 change of residence, either in the same city or town, or between cities, states or communities (dictionary). Residential mobility has the ability to socially disorganize any community. Neighbors packing up and moving more frequently than not, puts a strain on the ability for people to bond with one another and form a friendship with other residents who also reside in their community. Another factor that is often used to determine social disorganization is the socioeconomic status of a particular neighborhood. Poor neighborhoods with low income usually contain single-parent residencies. Single-parent households with young children living in them, have a hard time controlling the youth of their households, let alone the youth of their communities. Lack of discipline to the youth and improper social skills with their peers causes them to get involved in certain activities that are not only harmful to the community but harmful to themselves as well. According to the authors of the articl e A Test of Social Disorganization Theory in High-Risk Urban Neighborhoods, Structurally disadvantaged neighborhoods that lack the resources to effectively monitor children (such as: summer camps, music lessons, sports training, home computers, and special tutoring) and provide few sanctions for inappropriate behavior are likely to have a higher number of delinquent peer groups available to youthà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Poorly monitored youth are more likely to socialize with deviant peers and to engage in misconduct (Kingston et al. 58-59). As stated before, social disorganization occurs mainly in poor neighborhoods with high residential mobility lack of socializing between the neighbors throughout the community. These factors allow the crime in these communities to grow exponentially. Social exclusion and isolation from one another has a negative effect on the community because it creates a gateway for crime to occur. With no one from the community willing to step up and organize groups like The Neighborhood Watch or etc., it creates opportunities for crime to occur at any given time throughout the community. With no control over the youth living in the community, crime tends Childress 3 to rise. With lack of control over the youth, gangs have a high risk of developing. When gangs develop, there are a number of negative things that can occur. Some of the negative activities that can stem from gangs are burglaries, vandalism, drug-dealing, and violence, just to name a few (Mares, 41). The number of gangs began to rapidly increase in America during the 20th century. Without warning, gangs began showing up and developing in suburban, rural and urban communities (Mares, 41). This could have been prevented somehow if there had been more unity within the communities and if neighbors had been more willing to socialize with one another while agreeing to keep an eye out for any suspicious behavior with their community. However, it is safe to say that gang violence and homicides has the ability to destroy neighborhoods and put fear into people while causing isolation throughout the community (Mares, 42). So, if people within a community are afraid of the area that they are living in, it makes it harder for them to call the police and report a crime; and if they do report a crime, the chances of them cooperating with the police and stepping up as a public witness is not high, because they may feel threatened by the local gang members of the community, as well as scared for their lives. When this occurs, crime increases within the community because local gang members feel as if theyre invincible and as if they can get away with any crime they commit, no matter how large or small the crime may be (Mares 43). Social Disorganization started off as a theory fit for urban, rural and suburban neighborhoods. However, throughout the years, social disorganization has progressed from slum neighborhoods to college campuses. With the Virginia Tech and Northern Illinois University shootings, campus crime seems pretty evident in these areas (Barton et al. 245). According to the authors of the article Social disorganization theory and the college campus, four-year college universities reported 44 murders, 2,491 forcible rapes, 1,386 robberies, 2,130 aggravated assaults, 25,978 burglaries, and 3,410 motor vehicle thefts back in 2007 in the United States Childress 4 (Barton et al. 245). Residential mobility is an obvious factor of social disorganization on college campuses because most colleges do not require their student to live on campus. Students living in nearby towns tend to commute back and forth to school everyday. Theres also the case where students get to pick a new room during the room reservation process towards the end of every academic school year. The percentage of students remaining in the same dorm room year after year is not very high. All of these factors regarding residential mobility on college campuses make it very hard for neighboring students in the dormitories to form a lasting bond with one another, since students usually get a new neighbor at the beginning of every academic school year once they move back onto campus. Then you have the college students who decide to pledge for a Greek organization on campus. These organizations take up the majority of a students time. Those students who live on campus but are dedicated to a Greek organization are hardly ever in their dorm rooms, thus, making it that much easier for crimes, such as burglaries, to occur on the college campus, particularly in the dormitories. Despite the positive things that Greek organizations do for the community, crime is very much capable of happening at their events, particularly their parties. Certain crimes such as under-age drinking, illegal drug use and vandalism are, very much so, capable of happening at a Greek organizations college party (Barton et al. 248). However, according to authors of the article Social disorganization theory and the college campus, Stronger community organizations provide more opportunities for positive social interaction, improve formal social control by increasing the chances that neighbors will observe neighborhood activity and intervene when they see potential problems, and thereby decrease the chance of crime occurring (Barton et al. 248). The dynamics of a community determine whether or not there will be social disorganization. Of course openness and communication within the community enhances the Childress 5 chances of gaining more control over the youth residing in nearby homes of their neighbors, including the homes of their own (if they have any). Coming together and unifying to form protection groups such as The Neighborhood Watch, will give people within the community a feeling of safety and protection. So, if someone from The Neighborhood Watch witnesses a crime taking place with their community, they may feel more confident and safe about calling the police to report it, since they will have the support of the The Neighborhood Watch within the community to fall back on. Aside from unity and proper communication amongst the residents of a community, the quality of the schools within the community have a strong ability to decrease social disorganization. Schools within a community that are not overcrowded or lacking basic needs such as teaching supplies and up-to-date text books, makes the students who are attending that particular institution more guaranteed to gain a quality education (Kingston et al. 58). This will give them more of an interest in pursuing a higher education, such as college, which will give them motivation to focus more on school by getting good grades and becoming more involved with extracurricular activities, instead of getting into trouble out in the streets of their community. According to the text book Key Ideas in Criminology and Criminal Justice, the authors conclude at the end of chapter four that levels of social disorganization may affect informal control and criminal opportunity mechanism, which, in turn, directly influence neighborhood crime rates (Pratt et al. 50). Childress 6

Quiz Show Essay -- essays research papers

Charles Van Doren has a life that many people would be envious of. He is a member of one of the country’s most intellectual and well respected families. His uncle, Carl, is a noted historian and his father, Mark, is a distinguished professor at Columbia University as well as Pulitzer-prize winning poet. Even his mother, Dorothy, is a well known author with several highly recognized pieces of literature. Charles is following in his father’s footsteps as he works as an instructor at Columbia preparing to take over for his father once he retires. Unfortunately for Van Doren, he feels that he lacks an identity in this family of overachievers. At this point in his life, he believes that he should have accomplished enough that people don’t have to refer to him as â€Å"the son† but rather address him by his name. Clearly Van Doren doesn’t realize how fortunate he is and that compared to nearly all the men in America, he is still more of a success than an y of them will ever be. This insecurity and tragic flaw will ultimately lead to his demise over the course of the film. The question becomes not whether or not this tragic hero will do anything to gain the spotlight that his relatives have gained but rather to what extent will he be willing to compromise his values in the process. The second scene of the film displays the seemingly secure process in which the questions for the show are taken to the studio. They are taken from a vault at the bank by police officers and there is a large procession that hand delivers the questions to the studio. It makes the viewer think that the whole quiz show thing is completely fraud-free. The camera then shows how such shows have captivated audiences around the country. Everyone wants to be a part of the phenomenon of quiz shows even if it means simply watching the show on television from their home. The audience ranges from couples to families to even nuns. Yet the corruption is shown very early in the show as an executive makes a phone call to inform a producer that they want to get rid of the current winner on the show, Herbert Stempel, because he is getting tired of him. Stempel, who is a working class Jewish man from Queens, NY, has had an amazing run on the quiz show â€Å"Twenty-One†. He has won a great deal of money and is milking the glory for all it’s worth. When he returns to his modest neighborhood, he is treated like a king;... ...es almost shocked, saying that, â€Å"I wanted to get television; the truth is television is going to get us†. Goodwin is quite vague and leaves this line for the viewer to interpret. Perhaps he means that television holds the power to ruin lives of even those who are the least likely to be morally seduced by it. Charles Van Doren’s life is completely tragic as in his attempt to better his life he ends up making it worse than when he started â€Å"Twenty-One†. The money he made and the fame that he achieved could have been accomplished through hard work and determination like his father. He was driven by the opportunity to practically do nothing and be credited as a hero. In a way though, Van Doren is successful, as his ultimate goal is to be more than his father’s son, but unfortunately he obtained notoriety rather than honored distinction. Dick Goodwin is the antithesis of Charlie, a man who could look temptation in the eye and simply turn away, knowing that simply giving in is completely wrong. Who knows what Charles Van Doren’s life could have been if he had stayed on the path that he was on rather than succumbing to the temptations of easy fortune and fame that came with â€Å"Twenty-One†.

For the first time

Time consumption also to be considered with these factors, being efficient is what all catering services needed and that would only be provided to us by our own technology. The significance of this proposal aims to give as alternative and replacement to the manual system that Belle's Catering Services is currently using. We know that all catering services are a big part of events. This proposal gives a computerized system to be able to have faster, easier and more convenient and more efficiency to the information system.This proposal also aims answer and makes the Belle's catering services mission and vision completely. Online Infringement's of Belle's Catering Services our system,delimitation systems (IS) is the study of complementary networks of reward and software that people and organizations use to collect, filter, process, create, and distribute data. The study bridges business and computer science using the theoretical foundations of information and computation to study variou s business models and related algorithmic processes within a computer science discipline.Computer Information System(s) (SIS) is a field studying computers and algorithmic processes, including their principles, their software and hardware designs, their applications, and their impact on society while IS emphasizes functionality over design. [Walk 2013] Our system focuses in Catering Services. It is the business of providing foddering at a remote site or a site like a hotel, public house and other various locations. This is a food or service that is catered to you, in other words,you pay them to bring you their services, most likely a food Joint. Online Infringement's for Belle's Catering Services 1. Background of the Study Maria Plainclothes started as an employee of a catering service. While her husband Leo Apaches is a set-up crew for the same catering service. When a friend suggest that they should start a small business in 2005. At first, they have a few customer who always orde r for them, then suddenly they have been recommended by a customer to have their own catering services, â€Å"The Belle's Catering Services†. The project titled Online Information System is a Catering Characteristic gives information about the services of Belle's Catering Services.The project â€Å"Online Information System† is developed in HTML using Adobe Dreamier CSS. 5 , which focuses on giving information, suggestions, and mainly catering events â€Å"Online Information System† is a web-based application that runs in any web browsers, designed to help users choose the catering services they want for their events. Recruiters is easy to use for both beginners and advanced users. It features a familiar well thought-out, an attractive user interface, combined with strong searching, and reporting capabilities.The report generation facility of information system's to get a good idea of which is the best package suitable for the person that is having their events. Problem 1. 1. 1 General Problem Statement of the How the proponents will develop an online information system that will provide efficiency in processing information and a module to update the customer's needs for the catering service events. . 1. 2 Specific Problem How the proponents will help the user to decide on the package that they will afford.This problem will specify on the decision support system that the proponents will use according to their money and according on how many persons are coming to the event. How the proponents will develop a module for the decision support system. This problem will specify on how will the proponents develop an easy and efficient decision support system 1. 2 Statement of Objectives 1. 2. 1 General Objectives To be able to develop a web-based application for Belle's Catering Services improve the processing of information and capability of a module to update the customers needs for the catering service events. . 2. 2 Specific Objectives To be a ble to help the user to decide on the package that they will afford . The system uses a Decision Support System (ADS) that will create an information and manipulate the user's choice of package. To be able to develop a module for the decision support system . Focuses on the condition of demonstrations needed by the users to identify the package for their given events. Study 1. 3 Significance of the Catering Services is a business that focuses between the caterer and the customer.It is transaction on what will be the request of the customer for them to satisfy their needs and to give an accurate information about the services of the caterer. The main objective of our group is to make the proposed system exist to help Belle's Catering Services to makeshift business automated. So that the process of the transaction will be more efficiently and faster. Students To improve their analytical thinking and to unproven their programming skills in the field of online information system. Benefi ciary To provided a well-defined proposed system in order to support their business in renovations between the customers.Customers To provide an information for them to know the choices that they want for their events,and for the suggestions they can say to the caterer in order for them to have a harmonium flow of the event. 1. 4 Scope and Limitation of the Study Scope of the Study The impact of technology has greatly expanded the scope and capacity of the average catering service. This is an on-going and developing relationship between the customer and the caterer as the computer's full capabilities are gradually explored and applied to the online information system.Without internet, advertising catering services is difficult to manage, as well as publishing of the proposed system. It is also time consuming for the transactions and will do much more delay for the events. Scope of the System 2. 0 Methodology of the Study This chapter starts on the discussion about the project resear ch disintermediation. The second part presents the development of the system . Project Development Spiral model The spiral model is a software development process combining elements of both design and prototyping-in-stages, in an effort to combine advantages of top-down and bottom-up concepts.Also known as the spiral lifestyle model (or spiral development), it is a systems development method (SAD) used in information technology (IT). This model of development combines the features of the prototyping and the waterfall model. The spiral model is intended for large, expensive and complicated projects. Figure 1. 0 6 Phases of Spiral Model The spiral model's divided into a number of frame work activities, also called task region. The figure 1. 0 illustrates spiral model containing 6 task regions: Customer Communication Task required to established effective communication between developer and customer.Planning Task required to define resources , timeliness ,and other project related info rmation . Risk Analysis Task required to asses both technical and management risk. Engineering Task required to build 1 or more representation of the application. Construction and release Task required to construct , test, install, and provide user support. Customer Evaluation Task required to obtained customer feedback based on evaluation of the software representation created during the engineering stage and environmental during the installation stage. 3. 0 Data Gathering, Procedures and OutputMany online information systems are operated manually by group of people. In such situations many people involved in the process of managing the catering such a way that inform the user regarding the information of the catering service, the decision support system of the catering, and help the customer to decide on how to choose their own affordable cater for their events. On the other hand keeping large amount of maintenance workers may cost a lot & it will not be efficient for a catering s ystem. Manual process in the transaction of the catering is not a reliable method.On the mint of view, in manual system the user can't find the suitable information for his or her events. We interview Mrs.. Beeline Apaches on how their catering services works and the required information in their business. We found out that their is a package in every events in their catering. For example, in wedding they have full package which cost IIOP,OHO up to IPPP,OHO. In that package they have a complete catering service with set-up, a place to have the venue, the amenities and miscellaneous, and other needs they can get by renting in other rental services (egg. Hairs and tables). We also visit their faceable account to gather some information to use in our proposed system . In their faceable account there are pictures of the events that in low resolution settings so we didn't use their own image as the picture of events in their catering services. There are also foods and beverages that have also low resolution so in order to improve the quality of the design of our proposed system we provide the detailed picture of Belle's Catering Online Information System.We decided that we will create two systems which is the back and front end. The front end is for the customer to vive the information about the services that Belle's Catering services offered. , while the back end is for the admit in controlling the data in the front end. In the process of our system, the customers will find the information in our system, their needs and suggestion will be provide by our Decision Support System (ADS), and other things that can be say to the caterer in the used of telephone/cellophane number or use as reference. The Existing System They have no existing system so that's why the proponents choose the Belle's Catering Services in order to make for them an existing online information system. . 1 Company Background Belle's Catering Services in Banana Mycenaean City, Vulcan is a public c atering service. The name Belle's Catering comes from the name of the owner Mrs.. Beeline Apaches. Maria Plainclothes started as an employee of a catering service. While her husband Leo Apaches is a set-up crew for the same catering service.When a friend suggest that they should start a small business in 2005. At first, they have a few 4. 2 Description of the System By using the present manual system, work is done manually. So, each and every transaction takes much time to complete. Whenever user requires any information, the decision and update process also takes more time and it is difficult to find particular information. As the transactions of the catering increases there is more information to be processed and stored.

American Qualities essays

American Qualities essays American is freedom. We have many freedoms that many other countries are not as fortunate to have. As the melting pot of many races and religions, we are responsible for keeping the opportunities available that were promised by our forefathers when they founded this country: life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. America was built on multiple cultural backgrounds fleeing persecution, poverty and lives without simple freedoms. An American quality that is seen in various works of literature stemming from our freedoms is individuality. Individuality allows us to express our inner most feelings. In the poem, The Road Not Taken, by Robert Frost, is an insightful and idealistic attempt to illustrate the paradox of free will. In the first line, Frost uses the metaphor, Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, to establish not only the hard decision a traveler must make in the poem, but in life itself. Life is like those woods because no one can clearly see or predict what will happen in the future, only hope to choose a path that will lead, one to good fortune and happiness. The freedom of choice allows us to be individuals. Many have a desire to be adventurous, yet we fear possibilities of failing if we are different from others. In Frosts poem, the road he decides to take is wanted wear. This road is not a well traveled path, and no one has taken it before. This shows that the speaker may not want to be like everyone else, a follower, but instead, chose a different path and be himself, a leader. The ce ntral idea of this poem is individuality. Frost shows that being his own person is the more difficult path. Frost shows that we should all express our feelings and be our own person, even if no one else will follow. We can see, therefore, that American qualities do imitate the essential thoughts of the American mind. Most American pe ...

UK Food Waste Management following the European Union (EU) Directives The WritePass Journal

UK Food Waste Management following the European Union (EU) Directives Introduction UK Food Waste Management following the European Union (EU) Directives IntroductionWhat is food waste?Sources of food wasteEffects of food waste to the environmentNew EU directives on food wasteThe Waste Hierarchy  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Least preferred management method   FIG 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ORDER OF WASTE MANAGEMENTConclusion  REFERENCESRelated Introduction Global warming is a well known problem facing our society today however, food waste which contributes about 30-31% of global warming is not largely recognised (EIPRO) Environmental Impact of Product. Food waste, a biodegradable waste is largely disposed in landfill due to unawareness of its effect on the environment. Methane gas is released during the degradation process of food waste and this leads to depletion of the ozone layer and eventually global warming. Food waste also leads to waste of fresh water, fuel for transport, soil nutrient and finance Humpries (2010). European Union  Ã‚   ( EU) knowing the effect of food waste to the environment and life in general has established laws and made targets to reduce food waste. What is food waste? Waste and Resource Action Programme (2009) defines food waste as waste made up of raw food materials or cooked materials such as vegetables, spoiled food, meat trimmings and leftovers. It can also be defined as agricultural products unused, worthless or unwanted. Examples of food waste are leftovers from our homes and food service sectors, bones, spoilt food and food that have exceeded their shelf life. Sources of food waste The sources of food waste have been grouped into three major sectors by Waste and Resources Action Programme (2009) Manufacturing and Processing: In this sector food waste is unavoidable particularly with products such as meat. Bones and animal organs which may not be consumed are examples of unavoidable waste in this sector. Legislative restriction on outsize production of fruit and vegetables is another unavoidable means of food waste Commission Regulation NO 1221/2008. Retail Sector: The sector includes all sales outlets, wholesale and retail. Food waste in this sector is generated due to overstocking of food products with short shelf lives without matching of demand, Organisation for Economic Co-operation Development (OECD) (2002). Marketing strategies (two for one deal) is used by retailers to reduce food waste from their sector however, ends up shifting the waste to household where is to enough time to consume these products. Household and food service sector: This sector was analysed in UK by Waste Resources Action Programme (2009) as of one the major sources of food waste. It further states that almost half of food waste is generated at this sector. In disagreement with Waste Resources Action Programme, Laura and Jon (2008) argues that the percentage of food waste contributed by household and food service sector is less than half with constant development of food industries and supermarket in the UK. European Commission (2008) reveals that unawareness of the effect of food waste to the environment, finance and percentage of waste produced by this sector to total food waste accumulated yearly as one of the major causes of food waste in this sector. Effects of food waste to the environment Environmental Impact of Product (EIPRO) points out that for proper analyses of the effect of food waste on the environment, research should be carried out on the general life cycle or stages of food (production, distribution transport) before and after it becomes waste. According to Kassem (2010) food been biodegradable has lead to increase level of food waste in land fill leading to increased emission of methane gas and further depletion of the ozone layer causing global warming.   Similarly, Kassem (2010) and Vidal (2002) agreed that food production consumes 70% of the world’s fresh water. The work of United Nations Environmental Programme (2009) reveals that most of the food produced ends up as waste thus leading to wastage of fresh water. In reference to Jodie Humpries (2010) other resources wasted as a result of food waste includes soil nutrient, energy put in during agricultural process and fuel for transport. New EU directives on food waste The European Union is a body that controls or Legislates environmental issues. Food waste, an environmental issue is under control by some binding laws. The new EU Directives on food wastes 2008/98/European Commission simplifies how food waste should be controlled or managed. The Waste Hierarchy Preferred Option   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Least preferred management method    FIG 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ORDER OF WASTE MANAGEMENT Fig 1 illustrates the New EU Waste Directive Hierarchy (2008) which directs member state (MS) on the path to follow for effective management of food waste. This waste hierarchy gives high priority to waste prevention and very low priority to landfill. However unavoidable food waste can either be re-used, recycled or use for energy recovery Article 22 of Revived Waste Framework requires member states to set up separate collection of bio- waste, treat bio- waste in ways that is friendly to the environment and use   materials produced from recycled from bio- waste that are safe. The Directive also instructed member states (MS) to recycle 50% of waste from household by 2020. Salmon (2009) points out that the fundamental laws outlined in the food waste directives (prevention, re- use, recycling, energy recovery and landfill for last resort) are been practically employed in the UK. Conclusion Proper management of food in UK following the European Union (EU) Directives (prevention, re-use, recycling, energy recovery and landfill for last resort) will reduce food waste disposed in landfill and eventually methane gas and global warming.   REFERENCES Commission Regulation (EC) no 1221/2008 0f 5 December 2008: eur-lex.europa.eu/Lexuriserv/Lexurisev.do?uri=oj:l:336:0001:0080:EN:PDF EC   (2008). Green paper on the management of bio-waste in the European Union, Brussels, Belgium. Jodie.H.(2010). The impact of domestic food waste on climate change. Retrieved March 10, 2011 from nextgeneration food.com/news/looking-at-food-waste/ John. V (August, 2002). Earth’s liquid asset. The Guardian, p.6. Laura.B and Jon.H (2008). How to break the habit of wasting food. Retrieved March 10, 2011, from guardian.co.uk/environment/2008/jul/08/food.ethicalliving?INTCMp=SRCH Norem. K. (2010). How to reduce food waste waste .Retrieved March 8, 2011 from suite101.com/content/how-to-reduce-food-waste-a212264. OECD (2002). Environmental Impacts and Policy Responses.Retrieved March 10, 2011 from oecd.org/department/0,3355,en_2649_34331_1_1_1_1_1,00.html Salmon.B (2009).The waste frame work directive explained. Retrieved March 10, from hg.org/law-firms/USA-Environmental -and-Natural-References.html. United Nations Environmental Programme. (2009). environment’s role in averting food crisis. United Nations Environment Programme:GRID-Arendal Waste and Resources Action Programme (2009). Household and drink waste in the UK.Retrieved March 8,2011 from wrap.org.uk/retail_chain/grocery/food/index.html

Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 8

Ethics - Essay Example This level of ethical expectation extends to a great litany of different areas and portends a high level of expectation for the individual educator. As such, the article that will be analyzed â€Å"teaching to the test† reveals the way in which rigid state and federal standards have encouraged many struggling school districts, and individual teachers, to attempt the unethical approach of teaching to the test as a means of passing whatever requirement might exist at the given time. Naturally, this practice in and of itself is troublesome; however, when one considers it from both the standpoint of the utility that the student gains and the ethical ramifications for how the educational process takes shape, a nuanced understanding of the impact of such an approach is able to be understood. The core ethical issue that must be understood is the fact that the educators themselves are encouraging a level of unethical behavior that is both unfair to the educational process as well as u nfair to the end student. In order to understand this unethical behavior, it is necessary to delve in to the motivating factors that encourage it take place initially. Ultimately, the educational system, as it exists today, as both state and federal standards that must be met at multiple times throughout any given school year. As such, teachers are not only required to transmit the information that they are responsible for providing to the students, they must also take a sizable chunk of their time to instruct and prepare the students for taking standardized tests that will not only rank the student as compared to the rest of the students within the state, school system, or nation, they also have a profound impact upon the overall level of school ranking and funding levels that are received in subsequent periods. As such, the overall importance of these standardized tests cannot be understated. Unfortunately, even thus far in my own professional and student development, I have seen this take place. The first time that it was evidenced to me was with regards to taking the PSATs in high school. Rather than using this opportunity to fill in the gaps of any education that the students might have missed out on, the teacher merely hurried to provide a way of what can only be described as â€Å"educated guessing†. The second time this practice was noted it was in an 8th grade classroom that I was observing. The teacher, although highly qualified spent the bulk of her time going through a standardized test and pointing out how to delineate the correct answer; rather than teaching the material and explaining what the rationale behind it was. The third time that this took place was in my final year of high school as state standards of educational attainment from K-12 were being measured. Although the senior year of high school is normally at a slower pace than the other years, the educators cut short much of the information that would otherwise have been presente d as a means of focusing on the standardized test that was of more importance to the local district and the funding levels that the educators would have to divvy up than it was to the individual students. Accordingly, as the article notes, a highly unethical practice has emerged within many of the more troubled school districts throughout the nation. In addition to not spending enough time on the subject at hand, educators throughout the system have been teaching to the test instead of

THE IMPACT OF IOM REPORT ON NURSING Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

THE IMPACT OF IOM REPORT ON NURSING - Assignment Example The recommendation of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) on the future of nursing has been viewed by nearly 64 million people within the first year of its publication, undoubtedly indicating that it is one of the most inspiring pieces of medical literature of the 21st century, not only having an enduring influence on healthcare but most importantly creating a pioneering route ahead for the nursing profession. The fast changing dynamics of nurses’ practice in the last decade has made it necessary for the health industry to bring about important changes in nursing practice. In an endeavor to sustain and enhance the potential of nursing and progression in healthcare, the Institute of Medicine and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWIF) produced an action oriented blueprint ‘The Future of Nursing: Leading change and advancing health’. With the dawn of the 21st century, our nation is encountering a lot of new trends and challenges in healthcare, most importantly, as the population of elderly people is escalating with the approaching decades and concern being changing to a graver and broader diversity of chronic ailments. For this reason, the IOM report has recommended providing nurses with an enhanced system of education that helps them accomplish higher levels of education and training as well as endorses flawless academic progression (IOM, 2011, p. 163). Moreover, according to IOM it is also important to direct the educational systems for preparing nurses towards community settings like primary care, long-term care and public health. The IOM committee further suggested that the nursing curriculum in schools should be reassessed, renewed, and made adequately adaptive in science, technology, research, and rich fundamental theories as it will augment their decision making skills concerning dynamic clinical situation s in all settings and thereby, meet the continual changing requirements in health care. Another recommendation stated that the entrance level qualification for nursing practice should be upgraded to acquisition of a baccalaureate degree rather than simply a diploma or associate degree in nursing. The impact of this will be that nurses shall become better equipped with competencies to participate in configuration of health policies, financial decision-making, leadership, and quality enhancements. In fact, nurses will be imparted with additional critical thinking aptitudes which will enable them to provide more effective and enhanced quality of care to the patient (IOM, 2011, p. 169-170). The IOM suggested that by 2020 the percentage of nurses who attain a Baccalaureate in the Science of Nursing (BSN) should be augmented to 80%, among which minimum 10% of BSN nurses should be persuaded to enter a master or doctoral program, to help twofold the number of nurses who take up doctoral deg rees in future (IOM, 2011, p. 163).. This recommendation is paramount as this will produce more nurses at Master’s and Doctoral levels who will be able to serve as primary care providers, researchers, and become part of the faculty team which is huge requirement in this profession currently (IOM, 2011, p. 163). Another arena which the IOM pinpointed which needs to be improvised was the ongoing crisis of nurses with the right skills. This crisis is due to the high turnover rates primarily caused by the hurdles confronted by new graduates when transferring skills into practice. For this, the IOM suggested initiation of nurse residency programs as this will assist in delivering complete knowledge and